Sales invoice and Incoming Payment in SAP

Path: accounting – Financial accounting –Account receivable- Document entry-Invoice –General (F-22)

Give the document date                             :Today’s date

Type                                                               :DR

Company code                                             :your company code

Posting key                                               :01 Invoice 

Account                                                         : select customer number

Document type number ranges

T.code : OBA7

standard SAP has give some of the Document type generally any sap consultant uses those standard SAP document type until unless if client asked for the new document.

you can create new document type by selecting the new entries ....

some of general document types

Creation Of GL masters

Path : Accounting-Financial accounting –General Ledger-Master records –GL Accounts-Individual Processing –Centrally (T.Code  : FS00)

Give the GL account 101101

Company code : --------------

menu select  -> GL Account create:--------------------

Account group: reserves & surplus

Define retained earnings account

Path:  SPRO – Financial accounting – General ledger accounting – GL Accounts – Master Data – Preparations – Define retained earnings account

t.code : OB53 

Give you chart of accounts URCA enter.  

Account assignment

P & L Statement type ‘X’

Account 101101

Select save button or Ctrl+S

warning message account 101101 not created in chart of accounts URCA

Ignore the warning the message --> enter. 

enter  again to save

Creation of Account Groups

path:  SPRO-Financial accounting-General ledger accounting- GL accounts-master data-preparations-Define account group

go to new entries

 

Chart of accounts	Account group	Name	From account	To account
URCA	SCPL	Share Capital	100000	100099
URCA	RSPL	Reserves & Surplus	100100	100199
URCA	ACDN	Accumulated depreciation	100200	100299
URCA	SCLN	Secured Loans	100300	100399
URCA	UNSL	Unsecured loan	100400	100499
URCA	CLPL	Current Liabilities and Provisions	100500	100599
URCA	FAST	Fixed Assets	200000	200099
URCA	CAST	Current Assets loans & Advances	200100	200199
URCA	SALE	Sales	300000	300099
URCA	OTHER	Other Income	300100	300199
URCA	INCR	Increase / Decrease in stocks	300200	300299
URCA	RMCL	Raw material consumption	400000	400099
URCA	PRSN	Personnel  cost	400100	400199
URCA	MFRG	Manufacturing Expenses	400200	400299
URCA	ADMN	Administration Expenses	400300	400399
URCA	INTR	Interest	400400	400499
URCA	DEPR	Depreciation	400500	400599

and select save 

Chart of Account in SAP

The chat of accounts list of all your General Ledgers of one or several subsidiary companies

for every G/L account , the chart of account controls
account number
account name and
addition information of G/L

Definition of tolerance groups for GL accounts

For G/L account clearing, tolerance groups define the limits within which differences are accepted and automatically posted to predefined accounts. The groups defined here can be assigned in the general ledger account master record.

T.code :OBA0

7.Maintenance of field status variants

At the time of business transaction posting some of the field are very important with out have some information the transaction not full filled  

eg.

Defining document type & number ranges

Document nothing but invoice in general
document type describes which type of invoice it is like general invoice ,sale invoice,customer invoice, purchase invoice, vendor invoice , incoming payment .out going payment etc.....

5.Open and close posting period

 we  can specify which periods are open for posting for each variant. we  have two period intervals (time period 1 and time period 2). In each interval, specify a period lower limit, a period upper limit, and the fiscal year.
we close a period by selecting the period specifications so that the period to be closed does not fall within them.

Definition and assigment of posting period variant in sap fi

Posting period variant ,
It is possible to specify which company codes are open independent of a company code. Thus, as many company codes as required can use the same variants for open company codes.

Definition of fiscal year variant and Assignment

Variant Concept  in SAP: Variant principle in SAP is very popular. It is very easy to operate. For use it as follows

1) Create a variant/maintain variant/define variant 

2) Maintain it with values

3)  Assign it to objects 

here i am going to discuss about fiscal year variant 

In general fiscal year nothing but financial year (accounting year) of legal entity            (like .Govt. eg.USA.UK)

Define Credit Control Area

Credit Control Area: This is the area where credits offered to the customers are maintained and monitored. One company code cannot be share the credit limit from credit control area other than the CCA to which it is assigned.

Path:Enterprise structure > Definition > Financial Accounting  > Define Credit Control area

 Click on New Entries

up date the field and save

Path : Enterprise strcture > Assignmnt > Financial Accounting  -> Assign company code to Credit control Area

In Model Group Only Company code 2008 is selling goods and Credit control area is assigned only to this company code.

Definition

An structure unit that represents the world wherever client credit is awarded and monitored.

This structure unit will either be one or many company codes, if credit management is performed across many company codes. One credit management space contains credit management data for every client.

Use

Credit and risk management takes place within the credit management space. per your company needs, you'll implement credit management that's centralized, redistributed, or somewhere in between.

For example, if your credit management is centralized, you'll outline one credit management space for all of your company codes.
If, on the opposite hand, your credit policy needs redistributed credit management, you'll outline credit management areas every|for every} company code or each cluster of company codes.
Credit limits and credit exposure ar managed at each credit management space and client level.

You got wind of credit management areas and different knowledge associated with credit management in Customizing for monetary Accounting. For a lot of data, see the Implementation Guide underneath Enterprise Structure ® Definition or ® Assignment ® monetary Accounting and so Maintain credit management space. You assign clients to specific credit management areas and specify the suitable credit limits within the customer master record.

See also: Specifying Credit Limits by Credit management space

Credit and Risk Management Settings: summary

Structure

The following graphics illustrate the link between credit management space, company code, sales organization, client and currency for central or redistributed credit management severally.

Decentralized Credit Management

If your credit policy needs redistributed credit management, you'll outline credit knowledge for your client for every company code. within the graphic below, the client encompasses a relationship with 2 company codes:




You outline a currency for every credit management space. the link between credit management space, company code, sales organization and currency

4.Define Busines Area

spro-->img--> enterprise structure -->defination --. financial account --->

define bussiness area

select new entries and update   -----save 

Business area is associate org. unit within which the corporate codes ‘ operations occur.

Business area isn't appointed to any company code however the business area is given whereas posting to a corporation code manually.

The  operate of a business area is to form balance sheets and profit and loss statements below the corporate code level. Some common uses of business square measure to provide divisional money statements or SEC segment-level reportage. it's vital to notice that business area practicality is duplicated exploitation profit center accounting. the choice to use or to not use business areas ought to be created early within the style section of your project. several new comes square measure leaning aloof from business areas and towards profit centers, however ultimately, call| the choice} is a private project decision supported what fits within the overall system style of the project implementation. a number of the deciding factors square measure the requirement to report business lines across company codes, the requirement for full balance sheets at the divisional or product level, furthermore because the price and therefore the advantages of business areas versus profit centers.

Business square measure as are freelance of the other FI enterprise structure. Therefore, business square measure as are designed to chop across company codes. a typical mistake that some corporations create is to force matched relationship defeats the complete purpose of business areas. the aim of business areas is to be ready to report on similar activities that occur across company codes. there's no residual profit to configuring business areas in this manner. As a matter of reality, it typically causes lots of reconciliation issues as a result of business areas don't seem to be joined to company codes in commonplace configuration.

In this screen enter alphanumeric symbol for the business (up to four char) square measure and outline

Saks attire has determined to use 3 business areas. The chief financial officer has determined that he would really like a cross-company record for each the attire and textile industries within which Saks attire conducts enterprise. so as to raised track non-value-added body assets and expenses, the services business area was created. The new shared services department that gives centralized administration functions for the organization is being enforced as a part of the business method reengineering effort portion of the SAP project implementation. it's vital to recollect that the concept is for all company codes to share all the business method reengineering effort portion of the SAP project implementation. it's vital to recollect that the concept is for all company codes to share all the business areas. The one exception is that the accounting department desires to make sure that postings one explicit company code square measure solely denote to 1 explicit business area.

Although Business Areas don't seem to be joined to the other FI Enterprise Structures, they'll be joined to different structure components within the system.

Company Code in SAP FI

Company code is one of the subsidiary in Group Company from where P and L, Balance sheet can be drawn.

Creating Company Code in SAP

IMG-> Enterprise structureàdefinitionàfinancial accountingà define, copy ,delete, check company code.

By selecting 2nd option we can define a new company code